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自传体记忆“俘获”作用的选择性？ ——自杀意向者的沉浸滞留机制

Is Autobiographical Memory Play a Role of Moderator between Suicide Ideation and Rumination?

中国心理学前沿 / 2023,5(6)：680-687 / 2023-06-21 138 159

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• 作者： 张宏宇¹      曾诗雨²      许燕²     
• 单位：

  1．北京工商大学，北京；
  2．北京师范大学，北京

• 关键词： 自传体记忆；过度概括性自传体记忆；沉浸（反刍思维）；自杀意念
• Autobiographical memory; Overgeneral autobiographical memory; Suicide ideation; Rumination
• 摘要： 依据威廉姆斯（Williams）提出的自传体记忆的思维滞留机制理论假设（CaR），通过考察自传体记忆在自杀意念与沉浸关系中的调节作用，探索自杀意向的思维滞留机制。使用SPSS 15.0软件包，采用层级回归方法做数据分析。结果显示：（1）积极词汇的自传体记忆概括性具有显著的调节效应。（2）自传体记忆概括性影响了自杀意念与沉浸的关系。（3）回忆事件的积极和消极特征没有发现显著的调节作用，但事件的积极性和消极性特征独立预测了沉浸，消极事件非常显著地正向预测了沉浸。结论：积极词汇的概括性是作用于自杀意念和沉浸反应之间关系的调节变量，高水平的概括性减弱了自杀意念与沉浸关系的强度，回忆的事件特征更为强烈地影响了沉浸反应。在自杀意念唤起沉浸状态的过程中，自传体记忆的“俘获”作用似乎是有选择的，不同性质线索词的作用相异。
• Background: According the past research, the direction and power of the relationship between suicide ideation and rumination are not clear. So this research assumed that other factors may play a role. Williams proposed the hypothesis of autobiographical memory Capture and Rumination mechanism (CaR), one of the idea is, overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM)were used more frequently by the individuals who had more rumination reaction. But what kind of influence between the autobiographical memory and rumination? Is autobiographical memory have an effect indirectly? Not only the theory but also the empirical research is not clear. Aim: To explore the moderating function in the relationship of suicide ideation and rumination. Participant: 633 undergraduates from freshman to senior college students in the three universities entered this research project, 278 males ,355 females,17-24 yrs. Research tools: Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT, Zhang Hongyu, 2012), SSI (Beck Scale for suicidal ideation; Beck, etc, 1979; Zhang Jie, Song Zhenshao, 2004), the Chinese version of RRS (Rumination Response Scale) (Zhang hongyu, 2010). Results: Using SPSS15.0 software package, hierarchical regression analysis was chosen. The results showed that: (1) the autobiographical memory aroused by positive words had a significant moderating effect of p<0.001 (n=633) between suicide ideation and rumination. (2) The interaction of autobiographical memory and suicide ideation was negative, it seemed that the influence was weakened due to the effect of autobiographical memory. (3) No significant effect was found after investigating the positive or negative characteristics of the recall events, but it was found that the positive and negative characteristics of the events independently predicted the response of rumination, the negative events predicted rumination significantly. Conclusion: The autobiographical memory aroused by positive words was indeed as a moderator between suicidal ideation and rumination, and the level of overgenerality in autobiographical memory decreased the power of relationship between suicidal ideation and rumination . It seemed inconsistent with Williams. Rumination was more strongly influenced by the events in participants memories . However, which is more likely have the effects on rumination, the overgeneral memory or the specific memory, the further study will be continued in the future.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0506078
• 引用： 张宏宇，曾诗雨，许燕．自传体记忆“俘获”作用的选择性？——自杀意向者的沉浸滞留机制［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（6）：680-687．