Childhood is a critical period for an individual’s growth and development, and experiences and environments during this period can influence personality development. Negative growth experiences during childhood can have profound impacts on cognitive patterns, emotional experiences, behavioral habits, personality, and interpersonal interactions. If these factors are not given adequate attention, they can easily lead to various psychological issues or mental illnesses. This paper analyzes the incidence of childhood trauma among 794 college students and proposes methods and strategies for psychological counseling for college students with childhood trauma, emphasizing the importance of personality development and mental health counseling for college students who have experienced childhood trauma. This has significant practical implications for advancing mental health education among college students and preventing the occurrence of psychological crises in higher education institutions.