Narcissism is an important concept in psychoanalysis. Narcissism is related to one’s present self-esteem, intellect, behavior, thoughts, emotions, and earlier and present object relationships. This paper reviews the observation of narcissism as a psychopathological phenomenon since Freud. Through the object relations of Ferrenzi and Klein, the causes of narcissism are explained. To Jacobson’s belief that narcissism is the betting of mental energy on self-representation; Kohut’s creation of autopsychology has summarized the important ideas, contributions, and limitations of narcissism research throughout history.