国际中文开源期刊平台

辅导员运用团体辅导对大学生心理弹性的干预效果

Effect of Group Counseling on College Students’ Resilience by University Instructors

心理咨询理论与实践 / 2023,5(9)：705-714 / 2023-09-28 265 426

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• 作者： 许静¹ 杨秀君² 彭秀平³     
• 单位：

  1．上海大学心理辅导中心，上海；
  2．上海大学马克思主义学院，上海；
  3．上海大学通信与信息工程学院，上海

• 关键词： 大学生；心理弹性；生命意义感；自我效能感；团体辅导；高校辅导员
• College students; Resilience; Meaning of life; Self-efficacy; Group counseling; University instructor
• 摘要： 研究旨在探讨高校辅导员运用团体辅导技能促进大学生心理弹性的提升效果，以及心理弹性视域下辅导员开展心理育人工作的可行性和有效性。上海某高校招募53名自愿参与者，根据时间匹配情况分成实验组（29人）和对照组（24人）。实验组接受团体辅导干预，每周一次，共计6次，对照组不进行任何干预。团体辅导活动方案的研发者和团体辅导带领者均为高校辅导员，以心理弹性相关理论为依据，由所在学校心理辅导中心提供督导。采用中文版心理韧性量表（Connor-DavidsonResilienceScale，CD-RISC）、生命目的量表（PurposeinLifeTest，PIL）和一般自我效能感量表（GeneralSelf-EfficacyScale，GSES）对两组被试进行前后测评估。结果显示：（1）干预前，实验组与对照组在心理弹性、生命意义感和自我效能感得分上无显著差异（p>0.05）；（2）经过6周的心理弹性团体辅导，实验组在心理弹性、生命意义感和自我效能感上的得分显著高于对照组（t=2.484、t=2.454、t=3.322，p<0.05），同时也显著高于前测（t=-4.528、t=-2.076、t=-2.187，p<0.05）；（3）前测心理弹性水平越低的学生，经过干预心理弹性和自我效能感提升越明显（r=-0.437、r=-0.559，p<0.05），前测生命意义感水平越低的学生，在干预后心理弹性、生命意义感和自我效能感都显著提升（r=-0.465、r=-0.763、r=-0.447，p<0.05），前测自我效能感水平越低的学生，干预后自我效能感提升越显著（r=-0.486，p<0.01）。可见，在理论支撑与专业督导下，高校辅导员作为带领者开展的心理弹性团体心理辅导能够显著提升大学生的心理弹性、生命意义感和自我效能感，尤其对之前心理弹性、生命意义感和自我效能感较低的学生效果更明显。
• To study the effect of university instructors’ using group counseling skills to promote college students’ resilience, and to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of university instructors’ psychological education from the perspective of resilience. 53 volunteers were recruited from a university in Shanghai and divided into experimental group (29 persons) and control group (24 persons) according to the time matching. The experimental group received group counseling intervention once a week, a total of 6 times, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The group counseling program is based on the theory of resilience, developed and led by university instructors, and supervised by the psychological counseling center of that university. The Chinese version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Purpose in life Test (PIL) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used to evaluate the two groups of subjects before and after the intervention. Results shows that: (1) Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the scores of CD-RISC, PIL and GSES (p>0.05); (2) After 6 weeks of group counseling, the scores of CD-RISC, PIL and GSES in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=2.484, t=2.454, t=3.322, p<0.05), and also significantly higher than those in the pretest (t=-4.528, t=-2.076, t=-2.187, p<0.05); (3) The lower the level of pretest resilience, the more obvious the improvement of resilience and self-efficacy after intervention (r=-0.437, r=-0.559, p<0.05). The lower the level of pretest meaning of life, the more significant the improvement of resilience, meaning of life and self-efficacy after intervention (r=-0.465, r=-0.763, r=-0.447, p<0.05). The lower the level of pretest self-efficacy, the more significant the self-efficacy was after the intervention (r=-0.486, p<0.01). This shows, under the theoretical support and professional supervision, the resilience group psychological counseling carried out by university instructors as leaders can significantly improve college students’ resilience, meaning of life and self-efficacy, especially for students with low previous resilience, meaning of life and self-efficacy.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0509068
• 引用： 许静，杨秀君，彭秀平．辅导员运用团体辅导对大学生心理弹性的干预效果［J］．心理咨询理论与实践，2023，5（9）：705-714．