国际中文开源期刊平台

基于大众调查的心理援助热线的认知和需求分析

Analysis of the Cognition and Needs of the Psychological Assistance Hotline Based on the Public Survey

心理咨询理论与实践 / 2020,2(10)：723-732 / 2020-10-22 783 710

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• 作者： 夏孝昆      崔舜舜      苑媛*     
• 单位：

  中央财经大学社会与心理学院心理学系，北京

• 关键词： 心理援助热线, 热线知晓率, 认知和需求分析
• Psychological assistance hotline, Hotline awareness, Cognition and willingness analysis
• 摘要： 目的 通过问卷调查的方式探索我国心理援助热线的现状并提出相应的建议。方法 采用《心理援助热线的态度与需求》问卷，调查了223名普通大众（平均年龄29岁，男性119人，女性104人）。结果 我国热线的知晓率不足1/3；不同年龄、不同职业和不同学历群体对热线的知晓情况存在显著差异；对于热线的功能认知情况，认为能提供心理问题治疗占62%、认为能够提供心理健康评估、工作建议、就诊建议的分别占60%、57%、39%，少数人认为热线可以提供药物建议占19%；在需要求助的人群中，自杀危机方面的求助需要达63.23%，其次是神经症问题达56.5%，在亲密关系中差异较小，亲子、婚恋、性心理分别占比28.25%、27.8%、28.25%。结论 我国心理援助热线知晓率较低，且人们对于热线的功能存在认知上的偏差，对于热线的需求，人们更倾向于借助热线获得有关神经症或自杀危机方面的帮助，其次是情绪和职场问题，对于性心理问题、亲子关系、婚恋关系和人际关系方面的心理问题也存在一定的求助需求。
• Objective. To explore the current status of China's psychological assistance hotline through questionnaires and give corresponding suggestions. Methods. Using the questionnaire "Attitudes and Demands of Psychological Assistance Hotline", 223 ordinary people (mean age 29 years, male 119, female 104) were surveyed. Results. The awareness rate of the hotline in China is low, and only less than one-third of people know the existence of the hotline; there are significant differences in the knowledge of the hotline between different ages, occupations, and education; Problem treatment accounted for 62%, and 60%, 57%, and 39% thought they could provide mental health assessment, work advice, and medical advice, respectively. A small number of people thought that the hotline could provide drug advice, accounting for 19%. Among those in need, suicide Crisis needs 63.23% for help, followed by a neurosis problem of 56.5%, the difference in intimate relationships is small, parent-child, marriage and sexual psychology accounted for 28.25%, 27.8%, 28.25% respectively. Conclusion. The awareness rate of the psychological assistance hotline in China is low, and people have cognitive deviations about the function of the hotline. For the needs of the hotline, people are more inclined to use the hotline to get help about neurosis or suicide crisis, followed by emotion And workplace issues, there is also a certain need for help for sexual psychological problems, parent-child relationships, marriage relationships and interpersonal relationships.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0210056
• 引用： 文章引用：夏孝昆，崔舜舜，苑媛．基于大众调查的心理援助热线的认知和需求分析［J］．心理咨询理论与实践，2020，2（10）：723-732．https://doi.org/10.35534/tppc.0210056