Based on the academic papers collected in CNKI database, CiteSpace software was used to visually analyze 242 Chinese literature on the cultivation of positive psychological qualities of students in line with the theme and research purpose, so as to explore the research content and development status of the cultivation of positive psychological qualities of domestic students. The results show that the total number of published documents is small, and the annual number of published documents changes stably, but the overall trend is rising. The institutions with a high number of publications are mainly research institutes and universities, and there is a certain cooperative relationship between institutions in the same region, and cross-regional research is more rare, and the overall cooperative relationship is loose. Mental health, positive psychology and mental quality are the focus of research, and positive mental quality is the focus of research. The object of study is from primary and secondary school students to college students, higher vocational students and secondary vocational students, so as to promote the continuous improvement and maturity of positive psychology education research. At present, the research on the cultivation of students’ positive psychological quality is still developing in our country. The future research should enhance the guiding role of the policy guidelines on the cultivation of students’ positive psychological quality, strengthen the construction of the research team and its theoretical system, advance the empirical research on the cultivation of students’ positive psychological quality, and expand the perspective of the research on the cultivation of students’ positive psychological quality.