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高、低社交焦虑者对奖励和惩罚预期的敏感性

Reward and Punishment Sensitivity in High and Low Anxious Individuals

Psychology of China / 2025,7(1): 100-108 / 2025-02-17 109 97

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• Authors: 武楠楠      杨双      宁宁     
• Information:

  苏州大学教育学院，苏州

• Keywords: 社交焦虑；惩罚；奖励；激励延迟任务
• Social anxiety; Punishment; Reward; Incentive delay task
• Abstract: 本研究采用激励延迟范式，在四种情境（“随机呈现刺激+金钱反馈”“随机呈现刺激+社会性反馈”“组块呈现刺激+金钱反馈”“组块呈现刺激+社会性反馈”）中，比较了奖励和惩罚预期对高、低社交焦虑者认知反应的影响。结果发现，对于高社交焦虑者，当刺激的呈现方式从随机变为组块后，奖励预期对认知反应的促进效应消失了，而惩罚预期对认知反应的促进效应依然存在。该结果在金钱和社会性反馈任务中均有体现。
• This study adopted the Incentive Delay (ID) paradigm and compared the influence of reward and punishment expectations on the cognitive responses of individuals with high and low social anxiety in four situations (stimuli presented randomly + monetary feedback, stimuli presented randomly + social feedback, stimuli presented in blocks + monetary feedback, stimuli presented in blocks + social feedback). The results showed that for individuals with high social anxiety, when the presentation mode of stimuli changed from random to blocked, the facilitating effect of reward expectations on cognitive responses disappeared, while the facilitating effect of punishment expectations on cognitive responses remained. This result was present in both monetary and social feedback tasks.
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0701018
• Cite: 武楠楠，杨双，宁宁．高、低社交焦虑者对奖励和惩罚预期的敏感性［J］．中国心理学前沿，2025，7（1）：100-108．