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消防员自我关怀对主观幸福感的影响：领悟社会支持的中介作用

The Influence of Self-compassion on Subjective Well-being among Firefighters: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Social Support

中国心理学前沿 / 2024,6(12)：2358-2366 / 2025-01-03 63 54

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• 作者： 陈思宇      王晓刚     
• 单位：

  西南民族大学教育学与心理学学院，成都

• 关键词： 自我关怀；主观幸福感；领悟社会支持；消防员
• Self-compassion; Perceived social support; Subjective well-being; Firefighter
• 摘要： 目的：国家综合性消防救援队伍是应急救援的主力军，增强消防员的积极心理资源，可以提升其抵御应激风险的能力。本研究旨在探究消防员自我关怀、领悟社会支持和主观幸福感之间的关系，为通过自我关怀提升消防员主观幸福感提供实证参考。方法：采用自我关怀量表简版、多维社会支持量表、生活满意度和积极消极情绪量表，运用方差分析、相关性检验、回归分析和Bootstrap检验法以西南地区516名消防员为调查对象，对其调查数据进行分析。结果：（1）方差分析显示消防员领悟社会支持和主观幸福感在婚姻情况和工作岗位上存在显著差异，其中一线战斗员明显高于机关单位消防员；未婚消防员明显高于已婚消防员。（2）相关性分析显示自我关怀与领悟社会支持和主观幸福感之间存在显著正相关（p<0.01）。（3）回归分析表明，消防员自我关怀能显著正向预测主观幸福感（β=0.46，p<0.001），领悟社会支持能显著正向预测主观幸福感（β=0.37，p<0.001）。（4）Bootstrap检验结果显示，自我关怀与消防员主观幸福感的直接效应显著，直接效应值为0.47，占比74.60%；领悟社会支持在自我关怀和主观幸福感之间的间接效应显著，间接效应值为0.16，占比25.40%。领悟社会支持在自我关怀和主观幸福感之间起部分中介作用。结论：自我关怀可以通过领悟社会支持间接提升消防员的主观幸福感，在消防员的日常训练中，可以增加自我关怀的培训，增强消防员领悟社会支持的能力，以此提升消防员的主观幸福感，促进生活质量的提高。
• Objective: The national comprehensive fire and rescue team is the main force of emergency rescue, and increasing the positive psychological resources of firefighters can improve the ability to resist stress risks. This study explored the relationship between firefighters’ self-compassion, perceived social support, and subjective well-being. It provides an empirical reference for improving firefighters’ subjective well-being through self-compassion. Methods: The study uses a sample of 516 firefighters from four firefighting teams in the southwestern region of China, who complete self-compassion scale, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, life satisfaction and positive and negative emotion scale. The study uses ANOVA, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and Bootstrap test to investigate the relationship between self-compassion, perceived social support, and subjective well-being among firefighters. Results: (1) ANOVA shows that perceived social support and subjective well-being are significantly different in terms of marital status and job positions, with front-line combatants being higher than those in the administrative units, and unmarried firefighters being higher than married firefighters.(2) Correlation analysis shows that self-compassion is significantly positively correlated with perceived social support and subjective well-being (p<0.01).(3) Regression analysis shows that firefighters’ self-compassion can significantly predict subjective well-being (β =0.46, p<0.001) , and perceived social support can significantly predict subjective well-being (β =0.37, p<0.001).(4) The results of the Bootstrap test show that the direct effect of self-compassion on firefighters’ subjective well-being is significant, with a direct effect value of 0.47, accounting for 74.60%. The mediating effect of perceived social support on self-compassion and subjective well-being was significant, with a mediating effect value of 0.16, accounting for 25.40%. Perceived social support played a partial mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion and subjective well-being. Conclusion: Self-compassion can be indirectly enhanced through perceived social support, thereby improving firefighters’ subjective well-being. In the daily training of firefighters, self-compassion training can be increased to enhance firefighters’ ability to perceive social support, thereby improving their subjective well-being and promoting quality of life.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0612272
• 引用： 陈思宇，王晓刚．消防员自我关怀对主观幸福感的影响：领悟社会支持的中介作用［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（12）：2358-2366．