Objective: This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the literature on the application of virtual reality (VR) in the field of psychotherapy from 2010 to 2023, exploring research hotspots, summarizing existing research deficiencies, and providing future research prospects. Methods: Using the Web of Science and CNKI core databases as sources, CiteSpace software was employed to visually analyze authors, countries/regions, institutions, and keywords in the field of VR in psychotherapy. Results: A total of 1,810 papers were analyzed, showing an upward trend in publication volume. The research is primarily conducted by small groups and has not yet formed core research teams. The United States and the United Kingdom have significant influence in this field. Research hotspots mainly focus on the psychological treatment of children using VR and the psychological treatment of autism. A considerable number of review papers have been produced in this area. The research frontiers revolve around psychological disorders, women, children, rehabilitation, and cognitive disorders. Conclusion: The findings of this study visually demonstrate the research hotspots and development trends in the application of VR in the field of psychotherapy, providing a reference for future research.