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技工院校学生被忽视经历、社会支持与压力后成长

The Relationship Between Neglecting Experience, Social Support, and Post-stress Growth Among Technical Students

中国心理学前沿 / 2024,6(10)：2009-2017 / 2024-11-12 38 46

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• 作者： 栗诗羽      周造华      张梦芳      兰亿      樊彤      余丽婧     
• 单位：

  西安铁道技师学院，西安

• 关键词： 忽视经历；领悟社会支持；压力后成长；调节作用和远端中介作用
• Neglected experience; Perceived social support; Posttraumatic growth; Moderating effect and distal mediating effect
• 摘要： 目的：了解技工院校学生18岁前忽视经历、技工院校学习期间领悟社会支持和压力后成长的情况，并初步探索三个变量的关系。方法：采用忽视经历问卷、领悟社会支持问卷、和压力后成长问卷，以陕西省某技工院校940名学生为被试进行实测，使用SPSS22.0将测量数据录入和统计分析。结果：（1）技工院校学生忽视经历比率为100%，在性别、生源地、家庭类型方面差异不显著。（2）领悟社会支持能力男生显著高于女生，双亲家庭显著高于单亲和再婚重组家庭。（3）技工院校学生的回顾18岁前被忽视经历与领悟社会支持极其显著负相关，相关系数是-0.331；忽视与压力后成长极其显著负相关，相关系数是-0.180；领悟社会支持与压力后成长极其显著正相关，相关系数是0.453。（4）回归分析发现，18岁前忽视经历可以对压力后成长产生总的负面影响影响。考虑领悟社会支持这一中介因素后对压力后成长的影响为-0.020。忽视经历对压力后成长产生负面影响中，领悟社会支持中介效应所占总效应的85%。（5）领悟社会支持可以在忽视经历和压力后成长间发挥显著的调节作用（c=0.034，p<0.01）。结论：三个变量极其显著相关；忽视通过领悟社会支持的中介作用远端影响技工学生的压力后成长，忽视对创伤后成长的关系受到社会支持的调节；为技工院校心理健康教育与咨询工作和四级心理网络体系的搭建提供数据支持。
• Objective: To understand the students' neglect experiences before the age of 18, their perceived social support during their studies at the technical school, and their post-stress growth, and to preliminarily explore the relationships among the three variables. Methods: The Neglect Experience Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, and Post-Stress Growth Questionnaire were used to test 940 students from a technical school in Shanxi Province. The measurement data were entered and statistically analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results: (1) The rate of neglect experience among technical school students was 100%, with no significant differences in terms of gender, place of origin, and family type. (2) Males had significantly higher perceived social support than females, and students from intact families had significantly higher perceived social support than those from single-parent or remarried families. (3) There was a highly significant negative correlation between the students' recall of their neglect experiences before the age of 18 and their perceived social support, with a correlation coefficient of -0.331. Neglect was highly negatively correlated with post-stress growth, with a correlation coefficient of -0.180. Perceived social support was highly positively correlated with post-stress growth, with a correlation coefficient of 0.453. (4) Regression analysis found that neglect experiences before the age of 18 could have a total negative impact on post-stress growth. The impact on post-stress growth, considering perceived social support as a mediating factor, was -0.020. In the negative impact of neglect experiences on post-stress growth, the mediating effect of perceived social support accounted for 85% of the total effect. (5) Perceived social support could play a significant moderating role between neglect experiences and post-stress growth (c=0.034, p<0.01). Conclusion: The three variables are highly significantly related; neglect remotely affects the post-stress growth of technical school students through the mediating role of perceived social support, and the relationship between neglect and post-traumatic growth is moderated by social support. These findings provide data support for the mental health education and consultation work of technical schools and the construction of a four-level psychological network system.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0610220
• 引用： 栗诗羽，周造华，张梦芳等．技工院校学生被忽视经历、社会支持与压力后成长［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（10）：2009-2017．