This study explores the impact of word familiarity on the processing of parafoveal information in elementary students from grades 2 to 5. A 4 (grades: 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th) × 2 (familiarity: familiar, unfamiliar) mixed experimental design was employed. Results indicate a significant main effect of familiarity, with shorter response times and higher accuracy for familiar words compared to unfamiliar ones. Neither the main effect of grade nor the interaction effect were significant in terms of response time and accuracy, suggesting that word familiarity influences readers’ information processing, and this influence does not vary with grade level development.