This article aims to explore the supplements and challenges of embodied cognition theory to traditional cognitive psychology. It analyzes theoretical and practical contributions to the development of psychology detailedly. Embodied cognition theory emphasizes the core role of the body, perception, and action in the cognitive process. Embodied cognition theory challenge the traditional psychology that neglects the interaction between body and environment. By reviewing the development history, main theories, and representative research of traditional cognitive psychology, this article points out its limitations and shortcomings. It introduces embodied cognition theory, including its basic concepts, multidisciplinary, the importance and purpose of research. Furthermore, the research elaborates on the core theories of embodied cognition—conceptual metaphor theory and perception-action cycle theory— and supports these theories with a large number of methodologies, linguistic, and experimental research. Embodied cognition is applied in the field of social psychology. As an emerging paradigm of cognitive science, it has made a powerful supplements and challenges to traditional cognitive psychology, therefore, brings new perspectives and inspirations to psychology.