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抑郁症对认知灵活性的影响——以青少年抑郁症患者为例

Effects of Depression on Cognitive Flexibility —Take Adolescents with Depression as an Example

中国心理学前沿 / 2024,6(8)：1375-1385 / 2024-08-29 83 53

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• 作者： 李欣源      杨凤书      孟凡莹      庄君仪      张晓雨     
• 单位：

  昆明医科大学海源学院，昆明

• 关键词： 青少年；抑郁症；认知灵活性
• Adolescents; Depression; Cognitive flexibility
• 摘要： 目的：探究抑郁症对青少年认知灵活性的影响，为针对性实施防治青少年心理疾病以及减轻抑郁症对青少年认知灵活性的影响提供依据。方法：运用PHQ-9抑郁量表测量抑郁组和健康组的80位青少年的抑郁程度，并让被试参与Stroop测验记录他们的正确率和反应时。结果：（1）抑郁组的抑郁程度在性别上存在显著的统计差异（t=2.7，p<0.01）；（2）在Stroop测验中抑郁组的正确率低于健康组（t=-3.09，p<0.01），其反应时高于健康组（t=4.79，p<0.01），均具有显著性差异，表明抑郁症患者存在认知灵活性损害。（3）青少年抑郁程度与Stroop测验的正确率呈现显著负相关（r=-0.388，p=0.000），与反应时呈显著正相关（r=0.487，p=0.000）。结论：抑郁症对青少年认知灵活性的存在消极影响，可以通过物理治疗、心理治疗、生理治疗三个方面减少抑郁症对青少年认知功能的损伤，进而促进青少年抑郁症的防治工作。
• Purpose: To explore the effects of depression on cognitive flexibility in adolescents, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of mental illness and the reduction of the effects of depression on cognitive flexibility in adolescents. Methods: PHQ-9 depression scale was used to measure the depression degree of 80 adolescents in the depression group and the healthy group, and the subjects participated in Stroop test to record their correct rate and response time. Results: (1) The degree of depression in the depression group was statistically significant (t=2.7, p < 0.01); (2) In Stroop test, the correct rate of the depressed group was lower than that of the healthy group (t=-3.09, p < 0.01), and the response time was higher than that of the healthy group (t=4.79, p < 0.01), which showed a significant difference, indicating that the patients with depression had cognitive flexibility impairment. (3) The degree of depression was negatively correlated with Stroop test accuracy (r=-0.388), and positively correlated with reaction time (r=0.487), and the correlation was significant. Conclusion: Depression has a negative effect on adolescents’ cognitive flexibility. Physical therapy, psychological therapy and physiological therapy can be used to reduce the damage of depression on adolescents’ cognitive function, so as to promote the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0608154
• 引用： 李欣源，杨凤书，孟凡莹，等．抑郁症对认知灵活性的影响——以青少年抑郁症患者为例［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（8）：1375-1385．