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青年群体对自我与异性特质认知的理想—现实差距及其对婚姻态度的影响

The Ideal-reality Gap of Perceived Traits of the Same Sex and the Opposite Sex in Young Chinese People and its Impact on Marital Attitude

中国心理学前沿 / 2024,6(8)：1482-1492 / 2024-09-03 110 86

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• 作者： 李蓉瑶      李莹丽     
• 单位：

  苏州大学教育学院，苏州

• 关键词： 性别特质；理想特质；现实特质；婚姻态度
• Gender traits; Ideal traits; Realistic traits; Marital attitude
• 摘要： 青年群体对自我与异性特质认知的理想—现实差距对他们的婚姻态度可能存在重要影响。基于此，当前研究采用问卷法，调查了155名被试（男性55名，女性100名）对自我与异性特质认知的理想—现实差距，并使用多重回归法探索了该差距对婚姻态度的影响。结果发现：男女性青年群体在自我与异性特质认知上普遍持有显著的理想—现实差距，且均对自我特质的认知均比对异性特质的认知更为反传统；在婚姻态度上，女性的婚姻态度比男性更消极，女性在异性特质认知上持有更大的理想—现实差距，且该差距显著负向预测女性的婚姻态度。本研究的结果可为理解性别角色观念变迁及应对结婚率降低等社会问题提供参考。
• The ideal-reality gap of perceived traits of the same sex and the opposite sex may have an important impact on young people’s marital attitudes. In light of this, the current study investigated the ideal-reality gap of perceived trait in a sample of 155 subjects (55 males and 100 females) via questionnaires. The multiple regression method was used to explore the prediction effect of the gap indexes on marital attitude. The results showed that, for male and female participants, perceived traits of the same sex were more anti-traditional than that of the opposite sex, and significant differences were observed between perceived ideal traits and perceived realistic traits. In terms of marital attitudes, females had a more negative marital attitude than males. Females also had a larger ideal-reality gap of perceived traits of the opposite sex than males. This gap index significantly predicted females’ marital attitudes. The results of the current study may provide a reference for understanding the changing perception of gender traits and for coping with social problems such as the declining marriage rate.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0608166
• 引用： 李蓉瑶，李莹丽．青年群体对自我与异性特质认知的理想—现实差距及其对婚姻态度的影响［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（8）：1482-1492．