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“留守一代”大学生的心理健康问题与恢复路径研究——以河南省某高校为例

Mental Health Problems and Recovery Paths of “Left-behind Generation” College Students — Taking a University in Henan Province as an Example

中国心理学前沿 / 2024,6(7)：1251-1258 / 2024-08-08 125 107

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• 作者： 许雪莹      贾宝先     
• 单位：

  河南理工大学心理健康教育与咨询中心，焦作

• 关键词： “留守一代”；大学生；心理健康问题；恢复路径研究
• “Left-behind generation”; College students; Mental health problems; Recovery path study
• 摘要： “留守一代”大学生的心理健康问题是高校人才培养的重要组成部分及重要工作内容。本研究以河南省某高校大学生为研究对象，采用SCL-90症状自评表，调研“留守一代”大学生的心理健康状况及问题特征，发现具有阳性症状的大学生占18.57%，其中，中重度心理问题学生占4.2%。无留守经历的学生心理健康水平总体优于有留守经历的学生，各因子分上均有显著差异。有留守经历的学生更容易产生人际关系敏感、恐怖、偏执、精神病性躯等问题。无留守经历的学生阳性症状占比为16.75%，有留守经历的学生阳性症状占比为23.95%。女生心理健康水平总体优于男生。最后从生态系统角度出发，借用“生态恢复”理论，着力从个体心理修复、人际环境修复层面解决“留守一代”大学生的心理健康问题：一是个体层面，要加强自我觉察及心理自助意识，确立自主自强意识人生态度；二是人际环境层面，从家庭上要修复家庭内部关系，重构家庭支持系统层、从学校上要完善心理健康教育体系，凝聚力量帮助“留守一代”大学生解决难题。
• The mental health problem of “left-behind generation” college students is an important part and work content of college personnel training. In this study, college students in a university in Henan Province were taken as the research object. SCL-90 symptom self-assessment table was used to investigate the mental health status and problem characteristics of “left-behind generation” college students. It was found that 18.57% of college students had positive symptoms, among which 4.2% were students with moderate and severe mental problems. The mental health level of students without left-behind experience is better than that of students with left-behind experience, and there are significant differences in each factor score. Students with left-behind experience are more likely to have interpersonal sensitivity, terror, paranoia, psychotic body and other problems. The positive symptoms of students without left-behind experience accounted for 16.75%, and the positive symptoms of students with left-behind experience accounted for 23.95%. The mental health level of girls is better than that of boys. Finally, from the perspective of ecosystem, using the theory of “ecological restoration”, the author tries to solve the mental health problems of “left-behind generation” college students from the level of individual psychological repair and interpersonal environment repair. First, at the individual level, we should strengthen selfawareness and psychological self-help consciousness, and establish a life attitude of self-reliance; The second is the interpersonal environment level, from the family to repair the family internal relations, rebuild the family support system level, from the school to improve the mental health education system, and gather strength to help the “left-behind generation” college students solve problems.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0607140
• 引用： 许雪莹，贾宝先．“留守一代”大学生的心理健康问题与恢复路径研究——以河南省某高校为例［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（7）：1251-1258．