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自我同一性对自发性自传体记忆的影响

The Influence of Self-identity on Spontaneous Autobiographical Memory

中国心理学前沿 / 2024,6(4)：502-509 / 2024-05-16 143 253

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• 作者： 冯思思     
• 单位：

  广西师范大学，桂林

• 关键词： 自发性自传体记忆；自我同一性；自我功能；社会功能
• Involuntary autobiographical memories; Self-identity; Self-function; Social function
• 摘要： 自发性自传体记忆（involuntaryautobiographicalmemories，IAMs）是指个体无计划、无目的、无意志努力地提取个体经历的记忆现象。本研究通过心理测验法和警戒任务加词汇线索法对160名大学本科生（分高、低自我同一性两组）的自发性自传体记忆进行了探索，结果发现：（1）数量上，高、低自我同一性组的自发性自传体记忆差异不显著。（2）性质上，在回想频率、生动性和是否觉得有面子方面，高、低自我同一性组的IAMs差异显著，高自我同一性组在回想频繁、生动性、是否有面子等性质方面得分高于低自我同一性组。在进入脑海突然程度、当时愉快程度、想到时愉快程度、与得失关系、与成败关系、具体性、后悔程度、与决策关系方面，高、低自我同一性的IAMs差异不显著。（3）在自我功能和社会功能上，高、低自我同一性差异显著，高自我同一性组得分高于低自我同一性组。在指导功能上，高、低自我同一性差异不显著。结论：自我同一性对自发性自传体记忆性质、自我功能和社会功能有影响，对自发性自传体记忆数量和指导功能无影响。
• Involuntary autobiographical memories(IAMs) refer to memory phenomena that haveno purpose, plan, or will to extract personal experiences. This study explored the involuntaryautobiographical memories of 160 undergraduates(high and low self-identity groups) throughpsychological tests and alert tasks plus lexical cues. The results showed that: (1) There was no significantdifference in the involuntary autobiographical memory quantity between the two different self-identitygroups. (2) In terms of quality, the IAMs of high and low self-identity groups differed significantly inrecall frequency, vividness and face. The IAMs of high self-identity group scored higher than those oflow self-identity group in recall frequency, vividness and face. There were no significant differencesbetween the high and low self-identity groups in terms of the sudden degree of entering the mind, thedegree of pleasure at that time, the degree of pleasure at thought, the relationship between gain and loss,the relationship between success and failure, the concreteness, the degree of regret and the relationshipbetween decision-making of IAMs. (3) In terms of self-function and social function, there were significantdifferences between the high and low self-identity groups and the scores of high self-identity group werehigher than those of low self-identity group. In terms of guidance function, there was no significantdifference between the high and low self-identity groups. Conclusion: Self-identity has an effect on thequality, self-function and social function of involuntary autobiographical memory, while self-identity hasno effect on the quantity and guidance function of involuntary autobiographical memory.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0604057
• 引用： 冯思思．自我同一性对自发性自传体记忆的影响［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（4）：502-509．