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眼动技术测谎：基于模拟实验的实证研究

Eye-movement Technique for Lie Detection: An Empirical Study Based on Simulated Experiments

中国心理学前沿 / 2024,6(1)：15-31 / 2024-02-22 225 298

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• 作者： 毛佳灵¹²张子培¹      殷明¹     
• 单位：

  1．江苏警官学院，南京；
  2．南京信息工程大学，南京

• 关键词： 眼动技术；模拟实验；有罪与无罪；测谎
• Eye-tracking technology; Simulated experiments; Guilt and innocence; Lie detection
• 摘要： 谎言识别是刑事侦查中非常重要的一环，而眼动技术因其高精度和非侵入性等特点，可以作为识别谎言的有力手段。通过构建模拟盗窃犯罪场景眼动实验，比较不同被试对靶刺激与非靶刺激的眼动数据，有以下发现：（1）同一年龄的“有罪”和“无罪”被试面对相同刺激类型时，在注视时间、眼跳距离和瞳孔直径三组眼动数据上均有较大差异，产生了分离效应；（2）“有罪”被试在面对不同刺激类型时，在首次注视时间、总注视时间、眼跳距离、平均瞳孔大小、所有注视点注视平均时间、再注视比率、回视时间七组眼动数据上产生显著差异，同样出现分离效应。这一结果为眼动测谎提供了新启示：通过整合各种眼动指标，同时多重考量被试态度、刺激顺序和环境多种因素，一定程度上可以有效地区分出犯罪嫌疑人与无辜者，从而有力推动案件侦查的开展。
• Lie recognition is a significant part of Criminal Investigation, and eye movement technologycan be used as a powerful means to identify lies because of its high-precision and non-invasivecharacteristics. By constructing a simulated theft crime scene eye movement experiment and comparingthe eye movement data of different subjects on target and non target stimuli, it was found that:(1) when “guilty” and “innocent” subjects of the same age face the same stimulus type, there aresignificant differences in the eye movement data of three groups: fixation time, eye skip distance, andpupil diameter, resulting in a separation effect; (2) When facing different types of stimuli, “guilty” subjectsshowed significant differences in the first fixation time, total fixation time, eye skip distance, average pupilsize, average fixation time at all fixation points, re fixation ratio, and return time of seven groups of eyemovement data, and also showed separation effects. This result provides a new enlightenment for eyemovement lie detection: by integrating various eye movement indicators, and considering multiple factorssuch as subjects' attitudes, stimulation order and environment, it can effectively distinguish suspect andinnocent people to a certain extent, thus effectively promoting the development of case investigation.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0601002
• 引用： 毛佳灵，张子培，殷明．眼动技术测谎：基于模拟实验的实证研究［J］．中国心理学前沿，2024，6（1）：15-31．