国际中文开源期刊平台

农村留守中学生心理健康影响现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Mental Health of Left-behind Middle School Students in Aural Areas

中国心理学前沿 / 2023,5(7)：796-807 / 2023-08-07 296 439

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• 作者： 叶江豪      黄卓煕      陈晓晴      廖素群     
• 单位：

  韶关学院教育科学学院，韶关

• 关键词： 农村；留守中学生；焦虑；抑郁；核心自我评价
• Rural areas; Left behind middle school students; Anxiety; Depression; Core self-evaluation
• 摘要： 探究农村中学生心理健康水平及其影响因素，并比较留守与非留守中学生的心理健康水平的差异，给农村留守中学生心理健康预防和干预提供依据与参考价值。本研究使用焦虑抑郁量表、核心自我评价量表、心理弹性量表、社会支持评定量表、家庭环境量表分别调查3，085名农村中学生的心理健康水平、个人特质和环境支持。结果显示：（1）农村中学生心理健康水平整体较低，抑郁检出率为57.54%，焦虑检出率为37.34%。女生焦虑抑郁得分显著高于男生，留守与非留守中学生的得分没有显著差异；（2）核心自我评价、心理弹性、社会支持、家庭环境亲密度均与焦虑抑郁呈显著负相关。留守中学生心理弹性显著低于非留守中学生，但核心自我评价、社会支持总分、家庭环境亲密度上两个群体没有显著差异；（3）回归分析显示核心自我评价（-0.567）、心理弹性（0.054）、社会支持（0.111）、家庭环境亲密度（0.190）联合能预测焦虑水平52.9%的变异量。核心自我评价（-0.357）、心理弹性（-0.305）、社会支持（-0.174）、家庭环境亲密度（-0.089）联合能预测抑郁水平60.2%的变异量。以上结果表明，农村中学生心理健康水平整体较差，核心自我评价对焦虑和抑郁的变异量预测程度分别达到56.7%和35.7%，在各因素中比重最大，核心自我评价在保护农村留守中学生心理健康水平中具有关键作用。
• Exploring the mental health level and influencing factors of rural middle school students, andcomparing the differences in mental health levels between left behind and non left behind middle schoolstudents, providing basis and reference value for the prevention and intervention of mental health amongrural left behind middle school students. This study used the Anxiety and Depression Scale, Core SelfAssessment Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, and Family EnvironmentScale to investigate the mental health level, personal traits, and environmental support of 3, 085 ruralmiddle school students. The results show that: (1) The overall mental health level of rural middleschool students is relatively low, with a depression detection rate of 57.54% and an anxiety detectionrate of 37.34%. Girls have significantly higher scores of anxiety and depression than boys, and thereis no significant difference in scores between left behind and non left behind middle school students;(2) Core self-evaluation, psychological resilience, social support, and family environment intimacy are allsignificantly negatively correlated with anxiety and depression. The psychological resilience of left behindmiddle school students is significantly lower than that of non left behind middle school students, butthere is no significant difference between the two groups in terms of core self-evaluation, total score ofsocial support, and intimacy of family environment; (3) Regression analysis showed that the combinationof core self-evaluation (-0.567), psychological resilience (0.054), social support (0.111), and familyenvironment intimacy (0.190) can predict 52.9% of the variance in anxiety levels. The combination of coreself-evaluation (-0.357), psychological resilience (-0.305), social support (-0.174), and family environmentintimacy (-0.089) can predict a 60.2% variance in depression levels. The above results indicate that theoverall mental health level of rural middle school students is poor, and the predictive degree of core selfevaluationon the variability of anxiety and depression is higher than the sum of other factors. Therefore,core self-evaluation may be one of the key factors to protect the mental health level of rural left behindmiddle school students.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0507092
• 引用： 叶江豪，黄卓煕，陈晓晴，等．农村留守中学生心理健康影响现状及影响因素分析［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（7）：796-807．