国际中文开源期刊平台

中小学生抑郁现状及影响因素研究

Research on the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Depression in Primary and Secondary School Students

中国心理学前沿 / 2023,5(6)：657-665 / 2023-06-20 429 299

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• 作者： 王许纯      鲍谧清      孙长安     
• 单位：

  苏州科技大学教育学院，苏州

• 关键词： 抑郁情况；中小学生；影响因素
• Depressive symptoms; Primary and secondary school students; Influencing factors
• 摘要： 目的：探索苏南地区某市中小学生的抑郁现状及其影响因素，为制定儿童青少年抑郁预防策略和开展干预研究提供依据。方法：采用整群抽样的方法于2022年10～12月对苏南地区某市的3所小学和3所中学中共计1，768名中小学生，运用自编的一般情况问卷和9项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）进行抑郁情况的调查，并对数据进行影响因素分析。结果：苏南地区某市中小学生的抑郁总分为4.77±5.53分，可能患有忧郁的人数达到39.0%。中小学生抑郁情况受到学段、同学关系是否融洽、家庭情况、监护人、家庭关系是否融洽、在校是否受过欺负、学习压力等因素的影响（均 p <0.05）。结论：苏南地区某市中小学生抑郁情况总体水平较高，可以从家庭环境、学校教育、自我情绪调节、社会支持等多个方面改善中小学生的抑郁情况。
• Objective: To explore the current situation and influencing factors of depression among primary and secondary school students in a city in southern Jiangsu, and to provide a basis for formulating depression prevention strategies and carrying out intervention research in children and adolescents. Methods: From October to December 2022, a total of 1,768 primary and secondary school students in 3 primary and secondary schools in a city in southern Jiangsu were surveyed using self-compiled general questionnaires and 9 patient health questionnaires (PHQ-9) for depression, and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results: The total depression score of primary and secondary school students in a city in southern Jiangsu was 4.77±5.53 points, and the number of people who may suffer from depression reached 39.0%. The depression of primary and secondary school students was affected by factors such as school segment, whether classmates were harmonious, family situation, guardians, family relationships, whether they were bullied at school, and study pressure (all p<0.05). Conclusion: The overall level of depression of primary and secondary school students in a city in southern Jiangsu is high, and the depression of primary and secondary school students can be improved from many aspects, such as family environment, school education, self-emotional regulation, and social support.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0506075
• 引用： 王许纯，鲍谧清，孙长安．中小学生抑郁现状及影响因素研究［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（6）：657-665．