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家庭教养方式、心理弹性对大学新生孤独感的影响及干预研究

The Influence and Intervention of Family Rearing Style and Mental Resilience on Loneliness of College Freshmen

中国心理学前沿 / 2023,5(3)：242-253 / 2023-03-21 605 329

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• 作者： 刘杨¹      宋美静²      陈秋燕¹     
• 单位：

  1. 西南民族大学教育学与心理学学院，成都；
  2. 成都师范学院教育与心理学院，成都

• 关键词： 家庭教养方式；心理弹性；孤独感；干预研究；大学新生
• Family rearing style; Mental resilience; Loneliness; Intervention; College freshmen
• 摘要： 大学新生孤独感体验与其身心健康息息相关，强烈的孤独感体验未给予重视及干预，容易造成其适应能力受损。因此，本研究包括两个部分：研究一采用家庭教养方式量表、孤独量表、心理弹性量表对四川某院校1260名大学新生进行施测，以收集到的数据检验三个变量间的关系模型，验证心理弹性在家庭教养方式与孤独感之间的中介效应。研究二针对大学新生孤独感现状设计8次团体辅导干预方案，并随机选取孤独感较强的40名被试平均分为实验组和对照组。综合两部分研究，得出以下结果：（1）家庭教养方式、孤独感与心理弹性三个变量之间均呈现两两显著相关；心理弹性在家庭教养方式对孤独感的影响中起部分中介作用；（2）干预后，实验组与对照组的被试在孤独感上存在显著差异，实验组的孤独感水平相较于对照组显著降低。因此，家庭教养方式不仅直接影响被试的孤独感，还可以通过心理弹性间接影响被试的孤独感，而团体辅导是大学新生提升适应水平、降低孤独感的有效途径之一。
• The loneliness experience of college freshmen is closely related to their physical and mental health. Without giving attention and intervention to the strong loneliness experience, it is easy to cause their adaptive ability to be impaired. Therefore, this study includes two parts: In study one, 1260 freshmen from a college in Sichuan were tested with the family rearing style Scale, Loneliness Scale and Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale, and the relationship model between the three variables was tested with the collected data to verify the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between family rearing style and loneliness. In the second study, 8 times group counseling intervention programs were designed for college freshmen’s loneliness, and 40 subjects with high loneliness were randomly selected and divided into experimental group and control group. Based on the two parts of the study, the following results were obtained: (1) there were pairwise significant correlations between family rearing style, loneliness and psychological resilience; Resilience played a partial mediating role in the effect of family rearing style on loneliness; (2) After the intervention, there was a significant difference in the sense of loneliness between the experimental group and the control group, and the level of loneliness in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group. In conclusion, family rearing style not only directly affects the loneliness of the subjects, but also indirectly affects the loneliness of the subjects through psychological resilience, and group counseling is one of the effective ways to improve the adaptation level and reduce the loneliness of college freshmen.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0503030
• 引用： 刘杨，宋美静，陈秋燕．家庭教养方式、心理弹性对大学新生孤独感的影响及干预研究［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（3）：242-253．