Empathy is the ability to infer the psychological state of others and the ability to share emotions,
which is divided into cognitive empathy and emotional empathy. The main neural mechanisms involved
in empathy are the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior insulin, middle cingulate cortex, and inferior
frontal gyrus. Existing research has concepts on the basic connotation and neural mechanism of empathy,
which has many shackles for the integration of empathy research. This article will summarize the concept,
theory and neurocognitive research of empathy, and point out the existing research gaps and the direction
of future research.