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大学生人际关系与主观幸福感：自我价值感的中介作用

Interpersonal Relationships and Subjective Well-Being in College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Worth

中国心理学前沿 / 2023,5(1)：20-30 / 2023-01-12 318 633

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• 作者： 刘议文      孙文梅     
• 单位：

  河南师范大学教育学部心理学院，新乡

• 关键词： 人际关系；自我价值感；主观幸福感
• Interpersonal relationship; Self-worth; Subjective well-being
• 摘要： 为探究大学生主观幸福感现状，及人际关系与主观幸福感之间的作用机制，本研究引入自我价值感这一变量，探讨自我价值感在人际关系与主观幸福感之间的中介作用。采用人际关系综合诊断量表、青少年自我价值感量表、主观幸福感量表对604名大学生实施测验并收集数据，使用SPSS 24.0进行描述性统计，Amos26.0进行结构方程建模。结果发现，（1）大学生主观幸福感处于中等水平（M ±SD=3.73±0.60），且积极情感（F =5.15；p <0.05）与消极情感（F =4.38；p <0.05）均存在性别上的显著差异，具体差异表现为，女生的积极情感和消极情感均显著高于男生；（2）大学生人际关系与自我价值感、主观幸福感均呈显著 正向预测作用（β =1.10，2.01；p <0.001），自我价值感对主观幸福感的正向预测作用显著（β =1.32；p <0.001）；（3）采用偏差校正的百分位法进行中介效应检验，加入自我价值感这一中介变量后，人际关系对主观幸福感的直接预测作用显著（β =1.44；p <0.001），95% 置信区间为［1.13，1.77］，不包括0，间接效应占总效应的70.00%，说明自我价值感在大学生人际关系与主观幸福感之间发挥部分中介作用。总之，一方面可以直接通过引导个体与同辈群体建立良好人际关系使大学生主观幸福感得以提高，另一方面也 可以通过帮助学生塑造更加清晰、坚定的自我价值感间接地提高个体的主观幸福感。本研究揭示了幸福感的影响因素，确定了人际关系影响主观幸福感的心理机制，为幸福感理论提供了实证支持，并为改善大学生主观幸福感的干预措施提供了实践启示。
• In order to explore the current situation of subjective well-being of college students and themechanism between interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being, this study introduces the variable of self-worth to explore the mediating role of self-worth in interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being. The comprehensive interpersonal relationship diagnostic scale, the young students’ self-worth scale, and the subjective well-being scale were used to test and collect data for 604 college students, SPSS 24.0 was used for descriptive statistics, and Amos 26.0 was used for structural equation modeling. The results showed that: (1) the subjective well-being of college students was at a moderate level (M±SD=3.73±0.60) and positive emotions (F=5.15; p<0.05) and negative affectivity (F=4.38; There were significant gender differences in p<0.05), which were reflected in the fact that both positive and negative emotions of girls were significantly higher than those of boys; (2) College students’ interpersonal relationships, self-worth and subjective well-being all showed significant positive predictive effects (β=1.10, 2.01; p<0.001), self-worth had a significant positive predictive effect on subjective well-being (β=1.32; p<0.001); (3) The bias-corrected percentile method was used to test the mediating effect, and after adding the mediating variable of self-worth, the direct predictive effect of interpersonal relationships on subjective well-being was significantly (β=1.44; p<0.001), 95% confidence interval [1.13, 1.77], excluding 0, and indirect effects accounted for 70.00% of the total effect, indicating that self-worth played a partial mediating role between interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being in college students. In short, on the one hand, it can directly improve the subjective happiness of college students by guiding individuals to establish good interpersonal relationships with peer groups, and on the other hand, it can also indirectly improve the subjective well-being of individuals by helping students shape a clearer and firmer sense of self-worth. This study reveals the influencing factors of happiness, identifies the psychological mechanism of interpersonal relationships affecting subjective well-being, provides empirical support for the theory of happiness, and provides practical enlightenment for interventions to improve the subjective well-being of college students.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0501003
• 引用： 刘议文，孙文梅．大学生人际关系与主观幸福感：自我价值感的中介作用［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（1）：20-30．