Objective: To investigate the impact of academic attribution style on self-esteem and explore the mediating effect of security between the two. Methods: The research used the self-esteem scale (SES), the sense of security scale (SQ), and the multi-dimensional multi-attribution cause-effect scale (MMCS), an academic attribution scale to test 400 college students. Results: (1) Self-esteem is closely related to sense of security, and is positively correlated. There is a significant positive correlation between sense of security and academic attribution, and academic attribution is positively correlated with self-esteem to a lesser degree; (2) sense of security in academic attribution and self-esteem Play a full intermediary role. Conclusion: Academic attribution affects self-esteem by affecting security.