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音乐类型和人格特征对听者情绪诱发的影响

The Influence of Music Type and Personality Characteristics on Listener’s Emotion

中国心理学前沿 / 2020,2(11)：1144-1153 / 2020-11-02 726 897

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• 作者： 何颖鑫¹      牟书¹²*     
• 单位：

  1．北京联合大学师范学院，北京；
  2．北京联合大学儿童和青少年学习与心理发展研究所，北京

• 关键词： 音乐类型；诱发情绪；外倾性；神经质
• Music type; Emotion; Extroversion; Neuroticism
• 摘要： 目的：探讨不同的音乐类型和人格特征对听者情绪诱发的影响。方法：随机选取 80名在校大学生，分为快速音乐组和慢速音乐组。音乐刺激为两首剪辑过的古典音乐（快速的吉他奏鸣曲和慢速的流浪者之歌）。采用改编的音乐情绪体验量表（包含四种情绪词：愉快、悲伤、恐惧、愤怒）测量被试听完音乐后的情绪状态。采用简式中国版艾森克人格问卷（EPQ-RSC）测量被试的外倾性和神经质人格。结果：音乐类型对诱发听者愉快情绪有显著影响、对诱发听者悲伤情绪有显著影响；外倾性人格对诱发听者愉快情绪有显著影响、神经质人格对诱发听者悲伤情绪有显著影响。结论：①慢速的音乐易于诱发听者的消极情绪；快速的音乐易于诱发听者的积极情绪。②低外倾性的被试在听快速音乐时更容易产生愉快情绪。③高神经质的被试在听慢速音乐时更容易产生悲伤情绪。
• Objective: To explore the influence of different music types and personality characteristics on listeners’ emotion induction. Method: Randomly select 80 college students at school and divide them into a fast music group and a slow music group. The musical stimulus consists of two edited classical music (a fast guitar sonata and a slow wanderer song). An adapted music emotional experience scale (including four emotional words: happy, sad, fear, and anger) was used to measure the emotional state of the subjects after listening to the music. The simplified Chinese version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-RSC) was used to measure the subjects’ extraversion and neurotic personality. Results: The type of music has a significant effect on eliciting listeners’ happy mood, and has a significant effect on eliciting listeners’ sadness; extraverted personality has a significant effect on eliciting listeners Happiness has a significant effect, and neurotic personality has a significant effect on eliciting sadness in listeners. Conclusion: ① Slow music is easy to induce listeners’ negative emotions; fast music is easy to induce listeners’ positive emotions. ② The subjects with low extroversion are more likely to have happy emotions when listening to fast music. ③ Highly neurotic subjects are more likely to experience sadness when listening to slow music.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0211084
• 引用： 何颖鑫，牟书．音乐类型和人格特征对听者情绪诱发的影响［J］．中国心理学前沿，2020，2（11）：1144-1153．