Chinese path to modernization is a correct path suitable for China’s national conditions and realities, with distinctive Chinese characteristics. As an important part of urban public space, linguistic landscape is of great significance in the development process of Chinese path to modernization, which promotes high-quality urban development and embodies the people-centered philosophy of development. However, Chinese urban linguistic landscape still has the problems of “focusing on investigation but not research” and neglecting the language use of special social groups. Therefore, there is an urgent need to build an urban linguistic landscape planning path that is compatible with Chinese path to modernization: firstly, it is necessary to strengthen the theoretical innovation of urban linguistic landscape in line with Chinese characteristics; secondly, it is necessary to strengthen the practice of urban linguistic landscape that is friendly to special groups, and to take the linguistic needs of children, the elderly and ethnic minorities into full consideration.