This paper explores the challenges in how to build a Chinese international discourse system in the context of the new era, and the strategies to address them. With the increasing competition in global discourse, China is committed to enhancing its international discourse power and cultural soft power. However, it still encounters difficulties in discourse stance, content, expression, and communication channels in cross-linguistic practices. The study analyzes China’s disadvantages in international communication, especially in response to the challenges posed by the established discourse hegemony of the West. It also proposes strategies to address these challenges, including bettering communication concepts, discourse content and channels, and the creativity and credibility of international discourse. By synthesizing domestic and international research, this paper aims to provide theoretical and practical support for the building of China’s international discourse system.