In a context, vocabulary does not exist in isolation. Words are effectively connected due to semantic relations, and associated vocabulary forms semantic fields. Vocabulary, as the most fundamental unit of semantics, is a linguistic unit closely related to semantics. College English vocabulary teaching should break through the framework and limitation of the traditional teaching model the glossary attached to a single learning textbook. From the perspective of semantic field, this paper analyzes the characteristics of college English core vocabulary, explores how to apply theory to teaching practice, improve the efficiency and quality of vocabulary teaching, and open up new perspectives and approaches for vocabulary teaching models.