This study explores the practical methods of applying AI technology to college English writing classrooms, focusing on the writing process where students use AI to revise their first drafts, engage in discussions, and complete their second drafts. By analyzing students’ essays, discussion content, and final outcomes, this research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach and explore its potential impact on improving students’ English writing skills. The results indicate that AI-assisted writing can effectively help students identify language errors and optimize expression, while the writing model combined with peer discussions further enhances students’ critical thinking and writing abilities. Additionally, AI-assisted writing, through the mechanism of deep cognitive processing, helps students better internalize language knowledge and improve their writing proficiency. However, AI tools still have limitations, and teachers need to guide students appropriately while encouraging active thinking to maximize their educational value.