With the continuous advancement of the global entrepreneurship and innovation wave, universities are increasingly responsible for cultivating innovative talents. Traditional university education models can no longer fully meet the modern society’s demand for entrepreneurial and innovative talents, especially in the field of entrepreneurship and innovation education. This paper explores the transformation and practical pathways of entrepreneurship and innovation education models in universities, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the in-depth development of entrepreneurship and innovation education in higher education institutions. By analyzing the pathways for the transformation of entrepreneurship and innovation education models in universities, this paper proposes specific practical pathways, such as the curriculum + project + practice model, online + offline course innovation, and deepening university-enterprise cooperation, in order to promote the in-depth integration of university entrepreneurship and innovation education with social needs and cultivate compound talents with innovative spirit and practical abilities.