In recent years, with the continuous attention of the Party and the state, education at all levels and types in China has received certain support and development, and the special education industry in China has entered a new stage of development. Scholars have also conducted varying degrees of research on the professional identity of special education teachers. This article screened literature on China National Knowledge Infrastructure, sorted out the sources, research tools and methods, influencing factors, and other contents of research on the professional identity of special education teachers. Based on this, the shortcomings of relevant research were explored for reference in subsequent studies.