“Fundamentals of Materials Science” is one of the core courses of materials science and engineering, which is very important for students to master the basic knowledge of the professional field. With the development of science and technology, the traditional experimental teaching method can no longer meet the growing needs of students. Based on the actual teaching experience, this paper discusses the reform and exploration of the “Fundamentals of Materials Science” course in practical teaching, including optimizing the curriculum, using multimedia technology, introducing project learning, and cultivating innovation ability. The purpose is to improve students’ interest in learning and practical ability, and lay a solid foundation for their future study and work.