Interdisciplinary project-based learning in primary schools has a significant effect on improving students’ critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and innovative spirit. This study investigates the current status of interdisciplinary project-based teaching in primary education, elaborates on the problems and challenges it faces, and aims to better practical exploration by proposing corresponding strategies. Through these practices and explorations, the goal is to promote the effective implementation of interdisciplinary project-based teaching and cultivate students’ comprehensive qualities and practical abilities.