Teaching quality assessment constitutes a pivotal component of talent cultivation in higher education institutions. However, conventional methods of evaluating teaching quality suffer from drawbacks such as delayed assessment, subjective bias, pronounced randomness, procedural complexity, and one-sided evaluation. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents new solutions to overcome these limitations inherent in conventional assessment practices. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the current application status, opportunities, and challenges of AI in teaching quality assessment. Initially, the deficiencies of existing methods employed in assessing teaching quality are outlined. Subsequently, the current research status of AI methods in teaching quality assessment are summarized. Furthermore, the opportunities presented by AI in this field are analyzed. Finally, the potential challenges associated with the application of AI technologies in the assessment of teaching quality are presented.