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人工智能时代高校毕业生的高阶核心能力发展及教育对策——基于2019 年全国高校毕业生就业状况调查数据实证分析

Development of Higher-order Core Competencies of College Graduates and Educational Countermeasures in the Era of AI —Empirical Analysis Based on the Data from the Employment Sample Survey of College Graduates in 2019

教育研讨 / 2024,6(6)：1789-1798 / 2024-12-23 104 35

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• 作者： 孙晓哲      周丽萍     
• 单位：

  广州大学教育学院，广州

• 关键词： 人工智能；高校毕业生；就业替代；高阶核心能力
• AI; College graduates; Employment alternatives; Higher-order core competencies
• 摘要： 伴随人工智能技术发展，高校毕业生就业形势日益复杂严峻。高校能否培养适应人工智能时代劳动力市场需求的毕业生是当前亟需回应的迫切话题。基于2019年全国高校毕业生就业调查数据，利用多元线性回归模型和夏普利值分解发现：（1）我国高校毕业生的高阶核心能力发展与AI时代劳动力市场需求之间存在不匹配结构性矛盾；（2）高校是形塑高阶核心能力的主阵地，课程教学尤为重要。因此，在AI时代，高等教育应该从人才培养目标、课程教学内容、教师教学能力等方面整合重组高等教育育人要素，培养适应AI时代技能需求的劳动力。
• With the advancement of artificial intelligence technology, the employment situation for university graduates is becoming increasingly complex and challenging. The critical issue currently demanding attention is whether universities can cultivate graduates who are adaptable to the labor market demands of the AI era. Based on the 2019 national survey of university graduates’ employment, utilizing a multiple linear regression model and Shapley value decomposition, it was discovered that: (1) there exists a structural contradiction between the development of high-level core competencies of Chinese university graduates and the labor market demands in the AI era; (2) universities play a pivotal role in shaping high-level core competencies, with curriculum and teaching being particularly crucial. Therefore, in the AI era, higher education should integrate and restructure the elements of educating individuals in terms of talent cultivation objectives, curriculum content, and teaching capabilities of faculty to nurture a workforce that meets the skill demands of the AI era.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/es.0606261
• 引用： 孙晓哲，周丽萍．人工智能时代高校毕业生的高阶核心能力发展及教育对策——基于2019年全国高校毕业生就业状况调查数据实证分析［J］．教育研讨，2024，6（6）：1789-1798．