Due to the joint effect of the changes of the social era and the internal development logic of the discipline, the research topics of comparative education, which have a history of more than 200 years, present different development characteristics in different historical periods. Based on the documentary method, this paper analyzes the impact of globalization on the evolution of contemporary comparative education research topics and the logic behind them. In the contemporary era of globalization, the research topics of comparative education are interdisciplinary, multi-level, and focus on small ecology.