This paper discusses the construction of the ideological and political talent training system in Shanghai art and design colleges under the background of Shanghai culture. Through the research, the problems of insufficient understanding of ideological and political materials, poor integration effect, and imperfect evaluation system in art and design courses are solved. The focus is on the integration points and integration methods of various characteristics of Shanghai culture and the ideological and political construction of art and design courses. The most comprehensive construction of the art and design ideological and political course construction system with Shanghai characteristics in Shanghai colleges and universities will cultivate excellent designers who have been cast by the soul for the construction of Shanghai Design City.