The comprehensive development of “Five Educations” and the concept of engineering educationhave posed new requirements and challenges for college students in the new era. Labor education is an important component of the “Five Educations”, and the cultivation of college students’ core laborliteracy is of paramount importance in the work of labor education in higher education institutions. Theframework of core labor literacy for college students in civil aviation institutions includes establishinga scientific view of labor, strictly adhering to industry standards, possessing excellent professionalknowledge and skills, developing habits of conscious, safe, and honest labor, having labor emotionsof respecting and loving labor, as well as the spirit of dedication, craftsmanship, and the spirit ofcontemporary civil aviation. Civil aviation institutions should closely focus on the “Five-DimensionalIntegration” of core labor literacy, commit to building an integrated talent cultivation model of “Industry-Education-Research-Learning-Application”, reconstruct professional talent training programs based onthe concept of outcome-oriented education, design the labor education curriculum system as a whole, shape the core labor literacy of college students in civil aviation institutions, promote the comprehensivedevelopment of students, and cultivate outstanding engineers in civil aviation.