This article takes “electrostatic shielding” teaching as an example, creates a problem situation from the actual situation of life, guides students to carry out meaningful discovery and learning in independent exploration experiments based on the cognitive development path of students, and contacts the old knowledge to further construct the principle of electrostatic shielding, aiming to help students apply the transfer of knowledge learned to actual production. In life, we can comprehensively cultivate the core literacy of physics and achieve in-depth learning.