Research on the change and development of the number of primary school teachers and students in Zhangjiajie City, Hunan province collect the data of the number of primary school students, the number of schools and the number of full-time teachers in Zhangjiajie City from 2002 to 2020, draw a line chart, and analyze the overall change trend. It is found that the change trend of the number of fulltime teachers in primary schools in Zhangjiajie City and the change trend of the number of students in primary schools are partially inconsistent since 2011; In addition, the number of primary schools has drastically decreased and their size is constantly expanding. In view of these data changes, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of education policy, and constructs the future function according to the existing data, and forecasts the quantitative changes of primary education in Zhangjiajie in the next 10 years.