An in-depth analysis of the English version of Cai Gen Tan jointly translated by Robert and Guo Yingyi, is made from a new perspective of cultural schema. The study finds that the types of cultural schema in English translation of Cai Gen Tan are ecological cultural schema, material cultural schema, social cultural schema and religious cultural schema. The four types of cultural schema account for more than 20% of the total, and the ecological cultural schema accounts for the largest proportion. There is cultural schema correspondence, cultural schema difference and cultural schema deficiency in the four types of cultural schema. The translation of Cai Gen Tan is flexible in dealing with the correspondence, difference and deficiency of the four types of cultural schemas, and follows the translation principles of respecting the cultural schema characteristics of the source language and emphasizing the acceptance of the cultural schema of the target language readers.