The objective of this study is to explore the impact of red cultural tourism on residents’ sense of local identity, with an in-depth analysis centered on the case of Zhao Yiman’s red culture. Zhao Yiman, as a renowned anti-Japanese war heroine, holds a significant position in Chinese history for her heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit. The related red cultural tourism resources are also abundant and diverse. By conducting questionnaires and in-depth interviews with residents in the red cultural tourism destinations associated with Zhao Yiman, this study has collected substantial data on residents’ sense of local identity. The research results indicate that participation in red cultural tourism activities can significantly enhance residents’ historical cognition and emotional connection to the place. As an important component of local distinctive culture, Zhao Yiman’s red culture not only stimulates residents’ pride in their local history but also promotes their awareness of inheriting and preserving local culture. Furthermore, the development of red cultural tourism has driven local economic growth, improved residents’ living standards, and further strengthened their sense of belonging and identity with the place. Based on the conclusions drawn from the analysis, the following suggestions are proposed: Innovate red cultural tourism products to increase the income of residents involved in red cultural tourism, strengthen skill training to enhance the service competitiveness of indigenous populations, and pay attention to the influence of residents in red cultural tourism on the branding of Zhao Yiman’s cultural tourism.