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大学生体育锻炼对人际交往能力的影响——社会性体格焦虑的中介作用

The Effect of Physical Activity on Interpersonal Skills Among College Students —The Mediating Role of Social Physical Anxiety

中国体育研究 / 2024,6(3)：197-208 / 2024-09-24 123 109

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• 作者： 陈佳艺      杨英      唐永烨      祁奕彤      尹明灿     
• 单位：

  四川农业大学，雅安

• 关键词： 大学生；体育锻炼；人际交往能力；社会性体格焦虑
• College students; Physical exercise; Interpersonal skills; Social physical anxiety
• 摘要： 目的：本文旨在探讨大学生体育锻炼对人际交往能力的影响及社会性体格焦虑在两者间的中介作用。方法：采用体育活动等级量表（PARS-3）、人际交往能力问卷简表（ICQ-15）和社会性体格焦虑量表（SPAC），在四川农业大学随机抽取599名在校大学生进行问卷调查。结果：（1）体育锻炼与社会性体格焦虑两者之间呈显著负相关（r=-0.305，p＜0.01），体育锻炼与人际交往能力两者之间显著正相关（r=0.315，p＜0.01），社会性体格焦虑与人际交往能力两者之间呈显著负相关（r=－0.199，p＜0.01）；（2）体育锻炼可以正向预测人际交往能力（β=0.196，p＜0.001），还可以负向预测社会性体格焦虑（β=-0.178，p＜0.001），社会性体格焦虑可以负向预测人际交往能力（β=-0.117，p＜0.01）。（3）社会性体格焦虑在大学生体育锻炼和人际交往能力之间起中介作用，其中介效应比例为11.20%。结论：大学生体育锻炼不仅可以直接影响其人际交往能力，还可以通过社会性体格焦虑这一中介变量间接影响其人际交往能力。
• This study aims to explore the effect of physical exercise on college students’ interpersonal communication skills and further analyze the mediating role of social physique anxiety between the two. As the social pressure and body image anxiety problems faced by modern college students are becoming increasingly prominent, it is of great significance to understand the mechanism of physical exercise in this context. Through research, it can not only help reveal the direct effect of physical exercise on college students’ interpersonal communication skills, but also deeply understand the indirect effect of social physique anxiety as a mediating factor, thereby providing a scientific basis for improving college students’ mental health and interpersonal communication skills. Methods: This study adopted a scale survey method, and selected the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Interpersonal Communication Skills Questionnaire Short Form (ICQ-15) and Social Physical Anxiety Scale (SPAC) as measurement tools. A total of 599 college students were randomly selected as samples from Sichuan Agricultural University, and data were collected through self-filled questionnaires. The PARS-3 scale is mainly used to assess the frequency and intensity of physical activities of college students, the ICQ- 15 questionnaire is used to measure the social skills, interaction ability and conflict handling level of individuals in interpersonal communication, and the SPAC scale is aimed at college students’ social physical anxiety, that is, the negative cognition and anxiety of individuals about their physical appearance in social situations. Data analysis used a combination of correlation analysis and regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between variables and test the mediating effect of social physical anxiety between physical exercise and interpersonal communication skills. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between physical activity and social physical anxiety (r=-0.305, p<0.01), a significant positive correlation between physical activity and interpersonal competence (r=0.315, p<0.01), and a significant negative correlation between social physical anxiety and interpersonal competence (r=-0.199, p<0.01); Physical exercise positively predicted interpersonal competence (β=0.196, p<0.001) and also negatively predicted social physical anxiety (β=-0.178, p<0.001), and social physical anxiety negatively predicted interpersonal competence (β=-0.117, p<0.01). Social physical anxiety mediates the relationship between college students’ physical exercise and interpersonal competence, and the proportion of its mediating effect is 11.20%. Conclusion: College students’ physical exercise can not only directly affect their interpersonal communication ability, but also indirectly affect their interpersonal communication ability through the mediating variable of social physical anxiety.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/scps.0603018
• 引用： 陈佳艺，杨英，唐永烨，等．大学生体育锻炼对人际交往能力的影响——社会性体格焦虑的中介作用［J］．中国体育研究，2024，6（3）：197-208．