Based on the core literacy theory, this paper studies the dilemma of physical education teaching reform in vocational colleges, and seeks the reform path based on practical problems, which provides a reference for physical education reform. The research holds that the reform of physical education teaching in the field of core accomplishment is faced with the problems of lagging teaching idea, vague orientation of teaching goal, single teaching mode and method, imbalance of teaching evaluation and so on. The reform of physical education teaching in vocational colleges should renew the concept of physical education teaching, make clear the teaching goal, innovate the teaching mode, enrich the teaching method and perfect the evaluation of physical