With the rapid improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for healthy diet have gradually increased. Probiotics have certain particularity in pharmaceutical research. Probiotics is an edible fungus, which has a good regulation and protection effect on human intestinal tract. Compared with antibiotics and Western medicine, probiotics have less harm to human body. With the frequent occurrence of drug safety accidents, people realize the importance of strengthening the safety of drug use. Probiotics, as a new kind of medicine, has attracted people's attention. Probiotics have a certain protective effect on human health and nutrition. Probiotics can not only be used as drugs, but also as food. The interaction between traditional Chinese medicine and probiotics is a hot topic in the medical field. In this paper, the role of probiotics in pharmaceutical research was analyzed reasonably, and the practical application value of probiotics in pharmaceutical research was fully studied.