Since the mid-19th century, China's Borderland research has gone through a hundred years, and the research of China's frontier has experienced three climaxes. In the three climaxes, challenges such as border crisis, national crisis and social upheaval stimulated frontier scholars' patriotic enthusiasm, which turned into a powerful research paradigms, research interests, groups of scholars and academic centers are constantly emerging, and research regions and orientations are gradually changing. However, due to the lack of understanding of the uniqueness of China's Borderland by scholars at home and abroad, the research talent base is weak, the structure distribution is unreasonable, and there is a lack of interdisciplinary and high-quality leaders. The research system of Chinese frontier science needs to be further improved, and the popular Chinese Frontier science has never been successfully constructed. It can be said that China's borderland studies have a long way to go.