This article reviews the history of human development from the perspective of open-minded thinking, delves into the essence of human nature and human values, and envisions the future of a human society characterized by reason. The authors believe that humanity is on the verge of entering a stage which will be rooted in genuine reason. And this type of reason transcends the narrow definition of reason which confines to knowledge, concepts, and logic, and instead embodies a full-fledged reason that integrates the rational world, the world of human nature, and the real world. Furthermore, the authors point out that, as humans divorce themselves from the natural ecology and begin to autonomously design and reshape themselves, their lives are also facing unprecedented uncertainties and the risks of alienation.