In the context of globalization, the world-class university construction is facing common problems and challenges. The world-class university construction policies of different countries and regions have formed several common features in terms of background, objective, implementation and effectiveness. In terms of policy background, the world-class university construction is attributed to the “functional positioning” of first-class universities and the “ranking effect” of world university rankings. In terms of policy objective, the world-class university construction reflects the characteristics of “system thinking” and “core consciousness”. In terms of policy implementation, the worldclass university construction exhibits the characteristics of “government-driven” and “selection-oriented construction”. In terms of policy effectiveness, the world-class university construction has had a certain impact and also faces potential challenges. In the process of deepening the “Double First-rate” construction, both the Chinese government and universities should make contributions. Only in this way can the dream of becoming a country with powerful higher education come true as early as possible.