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地理标志公益诉讼保护途径探析——以“白蕉海鲈”案为例

A Study on the Way to Protect Geographical Indication Public Interest Litigation —A Case Study of “BaiJiao Sea Bass”

社会科学进展 / 2024,6(6)：1417-1423 / 2025-01-10 12 11

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• 作者： 任少宇      邢蕾     
• 单位：

  上海政法学院法律学院，上海

• 关键词： 地理标志权利；公益诉讼；保护路径
• Right of geographical indication; Public interest litigation; Potection path
• 摘要： 地理标志作为一种新型知识产权客体，在我国经过几十年的发展中形成了《商法法》体系下的证明商标、集体商标保护和《地理标志产品保护办法》《农产品地理标志管理办法》专门法保护的“三元保护”模式，这种保护模式造成了地理标志确权和保护制度设计扭曲，彼此缺乏配合支持、各机构管理过程中协调阻滞、地理标志权利保护困难等问题。公益诉讼作为解决“公地悲剧”的一种诉讼方式，在地理标志领域同样适用。以检察院提起或者支持其他主体提起诉讼方式介入地理标志的保护，可以较为迅速有效地解决地理标志保护中管理混乱、诉讼效率低下、维权困难的问题。以最高检察院发布的典型案例——“白蕉海鲈”案为例，具体分析公益诉讼在地理标志保护中的积极作用和该模式的可行性，从实际案例来探求地理标志的保护路径。
• As a new kind of intellectual property rights object, a “three-way protection” mode has been formed under the “Trademark Law” system, collective trademark protection and special law protection of “Measures for the protection of geographical indications products” and “Measures for the administration of geographical indications of agricultural products”. This protection mode has resulted in the distortion of the design of the “geographical indication” right confirmation and protection system, the lack of cooperation and support for each other, the coordination block in the management process of various institutions, and the difficulties in the protection of geographical indication rights. Public interest litigation, as a litigation method to solve the “tragedy of common land”, is also applicable in the field of geographical indications. To intervene in the protection of geographical indications by means of procuratorate filing or supporting other subjects to file lawsuits can quickly and effectively solve the problems of chaotic management, low litigation efficiency and difficulty in safeguarding rights in the protection of geographical indications. This paper takes the typical case of “BaiJiao sea bass” issued by the Supreme Procuratorate as an example, specifically analyzes the positive role of public interest litigation in the protection of geographical indications and the feasibility of this model, and explores the protection path of geographical indications with actual cases.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0606158
• 引用： 任少宇，邢蕾．地理标志公益诉讼保护途径探析——以“白蕉海鲈”案为例［J］．社会科学进展，2024，6（6）：1417-1423.