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早期儒家思想和希伯来信仰中的家庭及友谊观比较——以《孟子》和《希伯来圣经》为主要考察对象

A Comparative Study of Family and Friendship in Early Confucian Thought and Hebrew Faith: A Focus on Mencius and the Hebrew Bible

社会科学进展 / 2025,7(1)：91-96 / 2025-02-19 25 13

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• 作者： 龙爱仁     
• 单位：

  浙江外国语学院，杭州

• 关键词： 《孟子》；《希伯来圣经》；家庭；友谊；神爱；仁道
• Mencius; Hebrew Bible; Family; Friendship; Divine love; Benevolence
• 摘要： 家庭是构成人类社会的基本单元，“友谊”则是生命个体从家庭走向社会的重要纽带。中国的儒家思想与希伯来的宗教思想都十分关注家庭与友谊问题。二者都注重家庭秩序的构建与扩展，都重视“孝悌”等伦常观念。然而希伯来文明认为家庭秩序与友谊都来自神爱，友谊与家庭伦理处于同等地位，友谊也可以参与家庭伦理。儒家则强调友谊是仁孝等基础伦理的延伸，友谊不能直接参与家庭建设。相应的，在希伯来文明家庭观中，道德、律法、信仰三者结合成一个整体，而儒家文明中，则形成了道德与秩序为主的家庭形态。
• The family serves as the cornerstone of human society, with “friendship” acting as a crucial bridge between familial bonds and the broader community. Both Confucian philosophy and Hebrew religious thought place significant emphasis on family and friendship, prioritizing the cultivation and extension of family order while upholding ethical principles such as filial piety. Despite these shared values, the two traditions diverge in their approaches. Hebrew civilization views family order and friendship as grounded in divine love, granting friendship equal importance to family ethics and integrating it into the broader framework of family values. In contrast, Confucianism regards friendship as an extension of fundamental virtues like benevolence and filial piety but does not attribute to it a direct role in shaping the family structure. Consequently, Hebrew thought weaves morality, law, and faith into a cohesive family system, while Confucianism develops a family model focused on morality and social order.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0701016
• 引用： 龙爱仁．早期儒家思想和希伯来信仰中的家庭及友谊观比较——以《孟子》和《希伯来圣经》为主要考察对象［J］．社会科学进展，2025，7（1）：91-96.