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低生育率困境下德国儿童福利制度对我国的启示

The Enlightenment of German Child Welfare System to China Under the Low Fertility Rate Dilemma

Progress in Social Sciences / 2024,6(4): 1102-1108 / 2024-09-19 152 208

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• Authors: 马金丽      何珊     
• Information:

  宁夏大学教师教育学院，银川

• Keywords: 儿童福利；低生育率；德国福利制度
• Child welfare; Low fertility rate; German welfare system
• Abstract: 儿童福利是我国民生保障领域的重要组成部分，也是当前各国在学前教育以及社会发展领域关注的重点内容。优化儿童福利的发展是破解我国当前低生育率困境、“幼无所托”难题、促进经济社会协调发展的有效策略。德国的儿童福利体系发展较早且制度较为完善，它在儿童福利支付形式多样、育儿时间的充分给予，以及托育服务积极有为等方面的先行经验，可以为我国探索儿童福利的建设提供有益借鉴和启示。从资金支持、社会参与、舆论建设三方面共同完善我国现代儿童福利服务体系，能够使育龄父母的育儿时间成本和精神压力得到有效缓解，降低育儿负担，以期提高人们的生育意愿。本文立足于政府、企业、社会和家庭等层面，提出可行的思路与建议，力图推动形成“共促人口均衡增长、实现儿童福利事业与经济社会同步、协调发展”的有利局面。
• Children’s welfare is an important part in the area of people’s livelihood and well-being in China, and is also the focus of the field of preschool education and social development in various countries. Optimizing the development of children’s welfare is an effective strategy to solve the low fertility rate dilemma, the problem of “no care for children” and promote the coordinated development of society and economy. German child welfare system developed rather early, and the system was relatively perfect. Its pioneering experience in different forms of child welfare payment, full provision of parenting time and active childcare services can provide useful reference and inspiration for China to explore the construction of child welfare. The joint construction of China’s modern child welfare service system includes three aspects: financial support, social participation and public opinion support. They can effectively alleviate the time cost and mental pressure of childbearing-age parents, reduce the burden of child-rearing, and achieve the purpose of improving people’s willingness to have children. Based on the aspects of government, enterprises, society and family, this paper puts forward feasible ideas and suggestions, and tries to promote the formation of a favorable situation of “jointly facilitating balanced population growth, realizing the synchronous and coordinated development of child welfare and economic society”.
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0604111
• Cite: 马金丽，何珊．低生育率困境下德国儿童福利制度对我国的启示［J］．社会科学进展，2024，6（4）：1102-1108.